A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF PARTICIPATIVE LEADERSHIP STYLE, ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, AND WORK MOTIVATION OF STATE CIVIL APPARATUS IN EAST JAVA PROVINCE

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the academic research developments on participative leadership style, organizational culture, and work motivation among State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in East Java Province through a bibliometric approach. Data were collected from Google Scholar, comprising 995 articles published between 2019 and 2025. Analysis was conducted using the Publish or Perish software and VOSviewer to map publication trends, author collaboration networks, and thematic clusters. The results show that this field is highly productive and influential, with an h-index of 51 and an average of 15.95 citations per article. Network visualizations revealed three main clusters: context-based public governance, internal organizational dynamics through culture and leadership, and crisis response with cross-sector collaboration. Temporal analysis highlights an evolution from structural government topics to a focus on organizational performance and adaptive governance. Density mapping identified core research areas as well as emerging topics such as collaborative governance and trust. Findings suggest that participative leadership and a healthy organizational culture are key factors in enhancing ASN performance. This study provides practical implications for policymakers to shift focus toward internal capacity development and strengthening stakeholder collaboration. Recommendations include the need for qualitative research and comparative studies across regions to broaden generalizability and deepen understanding of modern bureaucratic dynamics.