Morfologi Ikan Lokal Air Tawar di Aliran Sungai Madiun

Anita Nur Rahmatika, Cicilia Novi Primiani, Marheny Lukitasari

Abstract


  

ABSTRACT

The Madiun River, one of the main tributaries of the Bengawan Solo, possesses diverse current conditions and substrate types that support a wide variety of local freshwater fish with distinctive morphological adaptations. This study aims to describe the morphological characteristics of local fish species found in the Madiun River and to explore their potential as contextual teaching materials in biology learning. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method through direct field observations at several river segments representing fast, moderate, and calm water flows. Data were collected by observing body shape, mouth type, scale type, caudal fin shape, and dominant habitat of each species. The results revealed significant morphological variations among species, reflecting ecological adaptations to different environmental conditions. Fish inhabiting fast-flowing waters, such as Mystus nigriceps and Mystus nemurus, exhibited fusiform bodies, forked caudal fins, and smooth cycloid scales to enhance swimming speed and efficiency. In contrast, fish dwelling in calm waters, such as Oreochromis niloticus and Anabas testudineus, showed compressed bodies and rounded or truncate caudal fins that support stability in low-current environments. These findings indicate a strong correlation between morphological traits and habitat preferences of local fish. The information obtained can be utilized as contextual learning materials in biology education, particularly in topics related to biodiversity and organismal adaptation.

Keywords: Adaptation; Local Fish; Morphology; Madiun River

 

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References


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