PENGARUH LATIHAN HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING (HIIT) TERHADAP PROFIL LIPID

Lukas Susanto, Yona Bayu Prasetyo, Titin Kuntum Mandalawati, Andri Wahyu Utomo

Abstract


High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) merupakan salah satu metode latihan yang banyak digunakan karena kemampuannya memberikan adaptasi fisiologis dalam waktu relatif singkat. Dalam konteks kesehatan metabolik, terutama perbaikan lipid profil, HIIT dilaporkan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan HDL serta penurunan LDL, trigliserida, dan kolesterol total. Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk meninjau dan menganalisis bukti ilmiah dari berbagai penelitian yang mengevaluasi efek HIIT terhadap komponen lipid profil pada populasi dewasa dengan kondisi beragam, seperti sehat, overweight, maupun obesitas. Metode kajian dilakukan dengan menelusuri artikel yang dipublikasikan dalam rentang 2013–2025 melalui Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan ResearchGate dengan menggunakan kata kunci yang relevan. Artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk mengidentifikasi perubahan lipid profil yang dihasilkan setelah intervensi HIIT. Hasil peninjauan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar penelitian melaporkan peningkatan HDL antara 2–9%, penurunan LDL sebesar 3–12%, serta penurunan trigliserida terutama pada intervensi yang berlangsung minimal 6 minggu. Efektivitas HIIT tampak lebih besar pada populasi dengan gangguan metabolik ringan, dan hasilnya sering kali setara atau lebih unggul dibanding latihan aerobik intensitas sedang. Dengan demikian, HIIT dapat direkomendasikan sebagai strategi latihan non-farmakologis yang efisien untuk meningkatkan kesehatan metabolik, khususnya dalam perbaikan lipid profil. Kajian ini menegaskan pentingnya penerapan HIIT secara terstruktur sebagai bagian dari upaya pencegahan penyakit kardiovaskular.

 

Kata Kunci:  HIIT,lipid,Trigliserida,LDL,HDL. 


Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahmad, A. M., Mahmoud, A. M., Serry, Z. H., Mohamed, M. M., & Abd Elghaffar, H. A. (2023). Effects of low-versus high-volume high-intensity interval training on glycemic control and quality of life in obese women with type 2 diabetes. A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness, 21(4), 395–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2023.08.003

Alarcón-Gómez, J., Calatayud, J., Chulvi-Medrano, I., & Martín-Rivera, F. (2021). Effects of a HIIT protocol on cardiovascular risk factors in a type 1 diabetes mellitus population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031262

Eggertsen, C., Larsen, R., Duch, K., Simonsen, M., Christensen, C., Warner, T., Frøkjær, J., Handberg, A., Stjernholm, T., & Vestergaard, E. (2024). Feasibility and efficacy of adding high-intensity interval training to a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention in children with obesity–a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Obesity, October 2024. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01645-w

El Meouchy, P., Wahoud, M., Allam, S., Chedid, R., Karam, W., & Karam, S. (2022). Hypertension Related to Obesity: Pathogenesis, Characteristics and Factors for Control. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012305

Feng, J., Zhang, Q., Chen, B., Chen, J., Wang, W., Hu, Y., Yu, J., & Huang, H. (2024). Effects of high-intensity intermittent exercise on glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 15(June). https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1360998

Hadiono, Kustiawan, A. A., Alexander, B., & Khoirunnisa, A. N. (2023). Effect of HIIT and MIT on TNF­α levels and blood profile for obesity therapy. In Fizjoterapia Polska (Vol. 23, Issue 2, pp. 158–161). https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG0DF1BA

Kong, M., Xu, M., Zhou, Y., Geng, N., Lin, N., Song, W., Li, S., Piao, Y., Han, Z., Guo, R., Yang, C., Luo, N., Wang, Z., Ma, L., Xu, Q., Wang, L., Qiu, W., Li, J., Shi, D., … Duan, Z. (2022). Assessing Visceral Obesity and Abdominal Adipose Tissue Distribution in Healthy Populations Based on Computed Tomography: A Large Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9(April), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.871697

Lopez-Jimenez, F., Almahmeed, W., Bays, H., Cuevas, A., Di Angelantonio, E., le Roux, C. W., Sattar, N., Sun, M. C., Wittert, G., Pinto, F. J., & Wilding, J. P. H. (2022). Obesity and cardiovascular disease: mechanistic insights and management strategies. A joint position paper by the World Heart Federation and World Obesity Federation. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 29(17), 2218–2237. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwac187

Louzada Júnior, A., Mota da Silva, J., Furtado da Silva, V., Clodoaldo Melo Castro, A., Eufrásio de Freitas, R., Braga Cavalcante, J., Maia dos Santos, K., Paula Azevedo Albuquerque, A., Paraguassú Brandão, P., de Nazaré Dias Bello, M., Carmen Guimarães, A., Cesar Gurgel de Alencar Carvalho, M., Soares Pernambuco, C., Benício Ramos Lima, E., Ramos Coelho, R., Augusto de Souza Santos, C., Cleria Pereira Bezerra, J., Henrique Martin Dantas, E., Paulo Martins Silva, R., … Rafael Valentim-Silva, J. (2020). Multimodal HIIT is More Efficient Than Moderate Continuous Training for Management of Body Composition, Lipid Profile and Glucose Metabolism in the Diabetic Elderly El Entrenamiento Multimodal es más Eficiente que el Entrenamiento Continuo Moderado para e. Int. J. Morphol, 38(2), 392–399.

Messineo, L., Bakker, J. P., Cronin, J., Yee, J., & White, D. P. (2024). Obstructive sleep apnea and obesity: A review of epidemiology, pathophysiology and the effect of weight-loss treatments. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 78(August), 101996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101996

Murillo, S., Brugnara, L., Servitja, J. M., & Novials, A. (2022). High Intensity Interval Training reduces hypoglycemic events compared with continuous aerobic training in individuals with type 1 diabetes: HIIT and hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes and Metabolism, 48(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabet.2022.101361

Nedunchezhiyan, U., Varughese, I., Sun, A. R. J., Wu, X., Crawford, R., & Prasadam, I. (2022). Obesity, Inflammation, and Immune System in Osteoarthritis. Frontiers in Immunology, 13(July), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.907750

Obradovic, M., Sudar-Milovanovic, E., Soskic, S., Essack, M., Arya, S., Stewart, A. J., Gojobori, T., & Isenovic, E. R. (2021). Leptin and Obesity: Role and Clinical Implication. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 12(May), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.585887

Ouerghi, N., Fradj, M. K. Ben, Duclos, M., Bouassida, A., Feki, M., Weiss, K., & Knechtle, B. (2022). Effects of High‐Intensity Interval Training on Selected Adipokines and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Normal‐Weight and Overweight/Obese Young Males. A Pre‐Post Test Trial. Biology, 11(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11060853

Rysz, J. (2023). The Impact of Aerobic Exercise on HDL Quantity and Quality : A Narrative Review.

Setyawati, R., & Lasroha, M. (2021). Overview of HDL, LDL, Triglycerides, and Total Cholesterol in Obese Patients. Advances in Health Sciences Research, 39(SeSICNiMPH), 12–14.

Stadler, J. T., Lackner, S., Mörkl, S., Trakaki, A., Scharnagl, H., Borenich, A., Wonisch, W., Mangge, H., Zelzer, S., Meier-allard, N., Holasek, S. J., & Marsche, G. (2021). Subclass Distribution. 9(242), 1–17.

Zhu, Y., Nan, N., Wei, L., Li, T., Gao, X., & Lu, D. (2021). The effect and safety of high-intensity interval training in the treatment of adolescent obesity: A meta-analysis. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 10(8), 8596–8606. https://doi.org/10.21037/apm-21-757


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.